Issues Faced By Human Resource Management - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1649 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Human Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization. Human Resource Management can also be performed by line managers. Human Resource Management is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training. Human Resource Management is also a strategic and comprehensive approach to managing people and the workplaceÂÂ  cultureÂÂ  and environment. Effective HRM enables employees to contribute effectively and productively to the overall company direction and the accomplishment of the organizations goals and objectives. Human Resource Management is moving away from traditional personnel, administration, and transactional roles, which are increasingly outsourced. HRM is now expected toÂÂ  add valueÂÂ  to the strategic utilization of employees and that employee programs impact the business in measurable ways. Research in the area of HRM has much to contribute to the organizational practice of HRM. For the last 20 years, empirical work has paid particular attention to the link between the practice of HRM and organizational performance, evident in improved employee commitment, lower levels of absenteeism and turnover, higher levels of skills and therefore higher productivity, enhanced quality and efficiency.ÂÂ  This area of work is sometimes referred to as Strategic HRM or SHRM. BUSINESS PRACTICE Human resources management involves several processes. Together they are supposed to achieve the above mentioned goal. These processes can be performed in an HR department, but some tasks can also be outsourced or performed by line-managers or other departments. When effectively integrated they provide significant economic benefit to the company.[15] Workforce planning RecruitmentÂÂ  (sometimes separated into attraction and selection) Induction,ÂÂ  OrientationÂÂ  andÂÂ  On boarding Skills management Training and development Personnel administration Compensation inÂÂ  wageÂÂ  orÂÂ  salary Time management Employee benefitsÂÂ  administration Personnel cost planning Performance appraisal Labor relations Organizations may have their line and staff functions in place, but without clear HR policies, all efforts would be like taking potshots in the dark. Every employee of the organization is an important cog in the wheel. If one follows the right recruitment practices, each employee can become an asset for his/her organization. The role of HR is thus an intricate web of hiring, recruiting, training, promoting, and mentoring. It also involves unpleasant activities like performance appraisal, layoffs, and e mployee disciplining. Since human resource management has everything to do with people related issues, HR professionals also conduct behavioral assessment, leadership development, talent management, and knowledge management. As businesses evolve, the dynamics of HR also changed. Yesterdays HR mantra focused on management concepts that focused on process improvement and elimination of management wastes. Kaizen, Six Sigma, and other Total Quality Management (TQM) tools were the buzzwords of the twentieth century business world. Today, the focus has shifted from refining business processes to outsourcing business processes, thereby making organizations leaner and more flexible. Even as we speak, businesses are constantly redefining and re-evaluating management models. To be able to fit into the new-age management world, HR has to also revisit its founding principles and chart a new way forward. KEY POINTS TO BECOME A SUCCESSFUL LEADER A leader must always act with self-conf idence should avoid anger and crabbiness and deal with his subordinates with calm and proper understanding. There are some basic key points for a person to become a leader are listed below: * Prevent becoming emotionally involved. *Motivate others to get the work done. * Look at things objectively and from others view point *Understanding things by human behavior * Talk and write clearly and forcefully. * Must have teaching ability to inspire and develop subordinates *Must have technical knowledge for giving necessary guidance to subordinates *Understand people their preferences and weakness and making him a approachable person. One who takes care of HRM Department need to be more active, lively and the must posses the quality of Leadership? There has been a recent explosion of books about new concepts in leadership and supervision, such as New Millennium leadership and New Paradigm leadership. In our experience over the years, leaders and supervisor s rarely struggle because they dont understand such advanced concepts. Rather, they struggle because they havent mastered the fundamentals, those most critical, basic structures and processes of leadership and supervision in their organizations. This guide will help you to master those fundamentals. There is an adage that states that, in systems such as organizations, structures determine behaviors that determine events. Too often, we focus only on the events and the behaviors and we fail to see the larger structures, so our efforts to develop more effective leadership often fail. Too many leadership development programs focus primarily on assessing leadership styles and then cultivating personal development they forget that, for leadership to really be effective, the organization has to have the structures in place to really support effective leadership in the first place. This guide shows you how to implement those structures in your organization. The guide is one of the fe w that takes a solid, plan-based, systems-based view of leadership and supervision. It helps organizations to ensure a smooth transition to a professionally managed organization. FUNCTIONS OF HRM The Human Resources Management (HRM) function includes a variety of activities, and key among them is deciding the staffing needs of an organization and whether to use independent contractors or hire employees to fill these needs, recruiting and training the best employees, ensuring they are high performers, dealing with performance issues, and ensuring your personnel and management practices conform to various regulations. Activities also include managing your approach to employee benefits and compensation, employee records and personnel policies. Usually small businesses (for-profit or nonprofit) have to carry out these activities themselves because they cant yet afford part- or full-time help. However, they should always ensure that employees have-and are aware of-personnel policie s which conform to current regulations. These policies are often in the form of employee manuals, which all employees have. Note that some people distinguish a difference between HRM (a major management activity) and HRD (Human Resource Development, a profession). Those people might include HRM in HRD, explaining that HRD includes the broader range of activities to develop personnel inside of organizations, including, e.g., career development, training, organization development, etc. There is a long-standing argument about where HR-related functions should be organized into large organizations, e.g., should HR be in the Organization Development department or the other way around? EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION To retain good staff and to encourage them to give of their best while at work requires attention to the financial and psychological and even physiological rewards offered by the organization as a continuous exercise. Basic financial rewards and conditions of service (e.g. working hours per week) are determined externally (by national bargaining or government minimum wage legislation) in many occupations but as much as 50 per cent of the gross pay of manual workers is often the result of local negotiations and details (e.g. which particular hours shall be worked) of conditions of service are often more important than the basics. Hence there is scope for financial and other motivations to be used at local levels. Staffing needs will vary with the productivity of the workforce (and the industrial peace achieved) so good personnel policies are desirable. The latter can depend upon other factors (like environment, welfare, employee benefits, etc.) but unless the wage packet is accepted as fair and just there will be no motivation. Hence while the technicalities of payment and other systems may be the concern of others, the outcome of them is a matter of great concern to human resource management. Increasingly the influences of behavioral science discoveries are becoming important not merely because of the widely-acknowledged limitations of money as a motivator, but because of the changing mix and nature of tasks (e.g. more service and professional jobs and far fewer unskilled and repetitive production jobs). Better-educated, mobile and multi-skilled employees much more likely to be in demand and to be influenced by things like job satisfaction, involvement, participation, etc. than the economically dependent employees of yesteryear. Hence human resource management must act as a source of information about and a source of inspiration for the application of the findings of behavioral science. It may be a matter of drawing the attention of senior managers to what is being achieved elsewhere and the gradual education of middle managers to new points of view onÂÂ  job design, work organizationÂÂ  and worker autonomy. Employees motivation comes out of true leaders. WHAT IS LEADERSHIP? Leadership is the art of directing a group of people to act with efficiency, effectiveness and efficacy to attain a positive goal. The ability of directing a group towards the achievement of goals or end state Leadership is the art of getting people to do things Leadership is the art of influencing the fellow men to willingly work for a common objective The challenge of leadership has always been to provide coherence, structure and, ultimately, meaning in times of great change and dislocation. QUALITIES OF A LEADER Belief Confidence Commitment Creativity Credibility Communication Decision Making Empathy Enthusiasm Humility Sense of Humor Knowledge Loyalty Motivation Trust Vision/Mission/Goals Team Building Tolerance CONCLUSION With an effective leadership along with a true care, the HRM function and HRD profession have undergone major changes over the past 20-30 years. Many years ago, large organizations looked to the Personnel De partment, mostly to manage the paperwork around hiring and paying people. More recently, organizations consider the HR Department as playing an important role in staffing, training and helping to manage people so that people and the organization are performing at maximum capability in a highly fulfilling manner. When a person has sound knowledge and becomes skillful he will be ready to lead the organization as a leader. There is nothing like that you have be destined to become a leader. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Issues Faced By Human Resource Management" essay for you Create order

The And Of The Bible - 1249 Words

Living in a nation today where people of my own skin color are being discriminated against is a hard fact to grasp. Personally, by the grace of God, I have never encountered a situation where the color of my skin has been a problem. This does not deny the fact there is this problem out in the world. Discrimination can be in many forms race, gender, national origin, religion, disability, and even age. These many forms of discrimination would cause a division in our nation. Now the church has tried to find ways to mend this division that is created between people. In Paul’s letters to the Ephesians he addresses this issue. With Peter’s letter to the Ephesians he takes a look at the division between the Jews and then the Gentiles. In the biblical commentaries of the book of Ephesians done by Harold Hoehner and James Boice, they discus two ways that these verses are talked about. Hoehner and Bocie talk about how Paul is speaking in the past present and future tense of how the division in the church came to be, was destroyed and should never happen again. With Paul identifying the Jews as the circumcised and the Gentiles uncircumcised. This clarification according to Hoehner shows how the gentiles have no favor or privileges with God like the Jews. Since the Jews had been given Israel and privileges it is thought that they are better off than the Gentiles (Hoehner 2002). The Jews therefore have been giving an advantage over the Gentiles (Boice 1988), Now since they are both inShow MoreRelatedThe Bible Vs. Bible874 Words   |  4 Pagesthis book of the Bible before? I never fully read the Bible, because â€Å"they† picked out what â€Å"they† wanted to be taught. They give us passages to remember such as, â€Å"I will lead the blind by ways they have not known, along unfamiliar paths I will guide them; I will turn the darkness into light before them and make the rough places smooth.† (Isaiah 42:16), but never, â€Å"Do not wear clothing woven of two kinds of material.† (Leviticus 19:19). I never truly sat down, and read the Bible. Even, when I wasRead MoreThe Bible And The Hebrew Bible783 Words   |  4 Pagesa conclusion must be made that one can not put ancient literature into a neat and tidy â€Å"this is what the Bible is saying so it must be true† box. There are many parts of the Hebrew Bible that are strange to read. If many were lived out today, it would ostracize people, and to be blunt, land someone in prison. However, all of these passages are included in this great book, the Hebrew Bible, for a reason. They were important to the Jewish culture whom they were written for. Why were they importantRead MoreThe Bible And The Holy Bible766 Words   |  4 PagesMany evangelical Christians believe that there is no error in the Holy Scriptures. Since the Bible was written many years ago, we must reconcile our understanding of passages that seem to make contradictory statements. The Holy Scriptures as a whole is the Word of God. The doctrine of inerrancy of Scripture states that there are no errors in the bible. Two passages in 1 John, however, make seemly contradictory statements. But the author wrote under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. The meaningRead MoreBible : The Gutenberg Bible1011 Words   |  5 PagesThe Gutenberg Bible, also known as the Mazarin Bible and the 42-Line Bible. It is often considered one of the first notable books to have been printed because unlike early books, this book was printed with movable type. Invented by Johann Gutenberg, his invention changed the course of technology and the way people gained knowledge forever. The earliest form of printing known is the application of signet stones. This was used in ancient times in Babylonia. Before The Gutenberg Bible, books were traditionally  renderedRead MoreThe Bible Vs. Bible1597 Words   |  7 PagesIn our society today, we can see many bible verses being talked about, being referred to, being preached about, but what in reality does that all mean? Many of us use and interpret different verses in the bible to give someone else a bit of hope and love, a bit of knowledge about Jesus Christ or even to give ourself a boost of confidence and hope in our own personal life. For example, when I personally am â€Å"down† or I feel overwhelmed with certain situations in life going on and I talk to my motherRead MoreThe Bible And The Holy Bible Essay1730 Words   |  7 PagesFrom its first pages, the Holy Bible indicates that the most terrible events in the annals of space occur due to the human actions. From the theological point of view, the man i s designated with such importance due to the fact of being the reason of war between God and Lucifer. Unfortunately, after the Fall of man, the evil was allowed into the world, and thus the world got secluded from God. God can speak to people, is able to remind them of His existence, but the whole tragedy of the pre-ChristianRead MoreBiblical Bible And The Bible1222 Words   |  5 Pagesthroughly studies the Words of God found in the Bible, one would find that there are many topics and doctrines contained within. One of the major doctrines or teachings found in Scripture is prophecy. Around 28 percent of the Bible is classified as prophecy. The men who wrote these prophecies did not write based off what they thought would happen. Neither did they write them after the events that were predicted took place as some critics of the Bible would claim. These men were inspired by an omnipotentRead MoreThe Bible And The Holy Bible2735 Words   |  11 PagesMesser says that for Christians, the Holy Bible is the rich mixture of writings of various kinds, written over many centuries in many different settings collected together in the Hebrew Bible, and the New Testament; and by calling this collection of writing â€Å"Scripture† we are marking it off from other writings that come from the same places and times and claiming that is has some kind of special status and authority within the community of Christian faith. (Messer p5) One way for Christians toRead MoreThe Bible By The Poisonwood Bible981 Words   |  4 Pagesmovie producers have led people on to believe, that missionaries are self-serving and as having specific intentions. One of the prime examples of misrepresenting a missionary; is the book called The Poisonwood Bible. I had to read The Poisonwood Bible in an English class. The Poisonwood Bible is the story of a missionary named Nathan Price and his family. Nathan was Reverend and he was mean to his wife and children. Nathan and his family lived in the Congo. He was disrespectful to his wife and hisRead MoreThe Bible And The Interpretation Of The Bible910 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough the interpretation of the Bible is the particular task of the exegetes, it does not belong, however, as a monopoly, since it involves, in the Church, aspects that go beyond the scientific analysis of the texts. The Church, in effect, does not consider the Bible simply as a set of historical documents concerning its origins. She welcomes it as the Word of God that directs her and the whole world, in the present time. This conviction of faith has as a consequence the practice of updating

Organization Behavior Wesfarmers Organisation

Question: Describe about the Organization Behavior for Wesfarmers Organisation. Answer: Section-1 Overview Background of the company The project aims to describe the organizational behavior of the chosen organization, Wesfarmers. Wesfarmers Limited is an Australian conglomerate, that has its headquarter in Perth. The company interests in retailing, chemical, fertilizers, coal mining, industrial and safety products. The company has the highest revenue of AU$62.7 billion in the financial year, 2015. The profit earned in 2015 was AU$2.44 billion. 205,000 number of employees work under the company, serves the areas of Australia, Bangladesh, Ireland, New Zealand and United Kingdom. Objectives of the study To critically evaluate the organizational behavior based on emotions, personality, attitude and motivation To analyze the organizational behavior in Wesfarmers, Australia To design a organizational behavior plan for Wesfarmers, Australia To identify the challenges in the organizational strategies in the organization and providing recommendation Case issues The study focuses on the organizational behavior issues of Wesfarmers. The lack of job satisfaction within the staffs of the company is an emotional issue faced by Wesfarmers. Furthermore, Wesfarmers has few employees those who have personality traits that are considered beyond the norm. The leadership personality of the company is another major concern as the leaders imposes too much leadership on the team members that causes motivational issues in the workplace. Case justification The lack of job satisfaction within the staffs leads to poor productivity of the organization. Employees tend to lose the quality of work when they are unsatisfied with the work. Moreover, when the leaders of Wesfarmers do not allow the staff members to work freely by following authoritative leadership, there is a negative impact on the organization (Punnett 2015). The employees are highly de-motivated that decreases the productivity if the employees and the organization. Summary The section deals with the objectives of the study and the issues faced by Wesfarmers. The justification of the issues is discussed to provide knowledge about the study. Section-2 Literature review Best Organizational behavior practices perceived to be applicable to Wesfarmers Some of the best organizational behavior practices in an organization that will help in bringing positive changes in the organization are: Proper planning Once proper planning is done in the organization, chances of mistakes or issues will be less in the future. The employees will be sure that they are prepared for any kind of issues in the organization Regular feedback Regular feedback from the employees as well as the managers is necessary so that the organization is always updated with the changes that are happening in the organization (DuBrin 2013). Teamwork Once the employees and the managers will work as a team, they will be able to produce in a better manner (Greenberg 2013). Measuring the changes If there is any change required in the organization. The changes should be measured by taking the feedback of the employees and the expenditure required for the change. planning should be done before the changes and then applied in the organization. Out of all the organizational behavior practices, Wesfarmers should take the feedback of the employees and the implement teamwork in the workplace. The employees are not satisfied with the job and hence it is affecting the emotions of the organization. On the other hand, the leaders are following authoritative style, which is affecting the organizational behavior. If the feedback of the employees are being taken at a regular basis, the manager will be able to understand the exact problem. In addition to this, the teamwork will help in promoting a democratic leadership style (Nahavandi et al. 2013). Hence, the employees will be able to work with each other Review of the OB model Figure 1: The basic organizational model (Source: Robbins and Judge 2012) As per the basic organizational model: Inputs At the individual level, the employees are not satisfied with the job At the group level, there is lack of teamwork due to the authoritative leadership style At the organizational level, the culture of the organization is affected. Process At the individual level, the emotions of the employee is hurt as they are not able to perform well At the group level, the strict supervision on the employees prevented the employees from carrying out any job in a proper manner At the organizational level, the human resource could not be managed properly Outputs At the individual level, the employees were not able to give proper output by applying the knowledge At the group level, there are collisions among the employees At the organizational level, the productivity was hampered Summary Wesfarmers is currently facing issues regarding job satisfaction among the employees and the attitude of the leaders. In turn, it is affecting the motivation of the employees and distortion the productivity of the organization. The best human practices that could be applied by Wesfarmers is taking the feedback of the employees at regular basis and the implement teamwork. The basic organizational model will help the organization to keep a check on the inputs, process and the outputs. The outputs will turn help the organization to decide the changes needed in the organization. Section-3 Analyses and development Basis for the design an OB plan for Wesfarmers The organizational behavior plan of Wesfarmers studies the behavior of the employees and other members of the company in order to provide strategies that help to overcome the issues prevailing in the company. Wesfarmers experiences organizational behavior issues that decrease the performance level of the company. The improper organizational strategies within the workplace cause the employees to feel unsatisfied about the work that they perform (Goethals et al. 2014). Lack of employee management relations and employee dynamics is a factor behind the poor performance and imbalanced emotions of the employees in the workplace (Lapierre and Allen 2012). The existence of personality trait beyond the organizational norms is another major issue that Wesfarmers faces. The personality issue has an adverse impact on the organization as the relationship between the employees and the managers or between the employees is hampered. Weak relationship in Wesfarmers lowers the productivity and the efficiency of the company (Pereira and Gomes 2012). On the other hand, Wesfarmers follows authoritative leadership within the workplace. Therefore, the leaders of the company apply policies and procedures that the members has to follows. The authoritative leaders decide the goal of the company and they have direct control on all the activities performed in the organization. The type of leadership followed by the company does not allow the employees to participate in the process of decision-making (West 2012). The authoritative leadership has a negative impact on the employees as the employees are de-motivated and the confidence level is also lowered. In the opinion of Wilson (2013), authoritative leadership causes reduction in the anatomy in the team. Identifying the requirements and challenges in the OB strategy of Wesfarmers In order to address the issues taking place within the organization, Wesfarmers needs to implement proper strategies that help to overcome the issues. The organizational behavior strategies require proper designing such that all the issues of the company are covered. Identification of the requirements in the strategies is the primary task of the managers of Wesfarmers (Schreiner 2016). The requirements in the strategies vary from one organization to another, as the issues are different from each other. However, as the company has issues related to the emotions, personality, attitude and motivation within the workplace, the strategy development needs to be according to these concerns. The emotions of the employees can be managed by increase the interest of the employees through higher incentives, better working environment and improved communication. Although these requirements are effective in solving the issues, the company faces challenges of cost minimization (Kerzner 2013). In order to provide higher incentives, it is necessary for Wesfarmers to cut down its expenses. Furthermore, improved communication can be achieved by incorporating innovative strategies and technologies (Altman, Valenzi and Hodgetts 2013). Therefore, Wesfarmers have to deal with the challenges effectively to successfully achieve the objectives. The authoritative leadership followed by Wesfarmers is a serious issue that the company has been going through. The leadership style is needed to be changed in order to bring efficiency in the workplace. Effective leadership styles such as democratic leadership can be implemented in the organization to improved productivity in Wesfarmers, as employees are motivated through increased participation in the activities (Robbins and Judge 2012). Implementing the new leadership is challenging for the company as the leaders and the managers needs to make aware of the ill effects of authoritative leadership, which is difficult. The employees also need to adapt to the new changes that is time consuming and causes harassment within the organization. Summary This section of the study deals with the analysis and the development of the organizational behavior of Wesfarmers. The organizational behavior plan of Wesfarmers is described based on the issues faced by the company in the areas of emotion, personality, attitude and motivation. The requirements in the development of the organizational behavior strategies in Wesfarmers are accessed along with the challenges that the company might face during its implementation. The proper identification and its implementation help Wesfarmers to achieve its organizational goals. Section-4 Final recommendations and conclusion Reviewing and revising the OB strategy plan to reflect the literature A proper organizational behavior plan helps Wesfarmers to deal with the issues within the organization. The organization needs to build up proper communication between the employees and the managers of the organization. Taking regular feedback from the employees allows the managers to become aware of the problems faced by the employees or determine the areas that need to be improved. The process of receiving feedback from the managers helps the staff members to understand the performance level of each individual working for the company. Regular feedback can increase the job satisfaction level within the employees, as they are continuously aware of the changes in the company and are guided by the leaders. The regular feedback motivates the employees that results in better performance of Wesfarmers. The teamwork within the organization further helps to achieve the goals of the organization in an efficient manner. Working as a teams helped the team members of Wesfarmers to increase their skills and knowledge as the team members are able to learn from each other within the team. Storey (2016) mentioned that teamwork increases the flexibility in the workforce through cross training. The OB model of Wesfarmers indicates that as the staffs are highly unsatisfied due the poor performance, the expected outcome is not achieved. Lack of teamwork, proper leadership style and inability to perform well is the cause of disputes in the organization among the employees. The improper management affects the organizational culture to a great extends. Conclusion and recommendation From the overall study, it can be inferred that the organizational behavior is an important concept in Wesfarmers. An effective OB plan helps to achieve increased performance level for the company. The company needs to incorporate effective organizational behavior strategies that will support teamwork and motivation of the employees. The higher the employees are satisfied and motivated, the more will be the employees be able to work efficiently. This increases the productivity of the employees that further increases the productivity of Wesfarmers. Wesfarmers thus needs to change its leadership style from authoritative leadership to democratic leadership that allows the employees to actively participate in the decision making process. The employees are able to fee motivated as they feel important in the organization. Moreover, the emotions of the employees needs to be paid importance and this can be successfully achieved by applying strategies such leadership strategies, regular feedback and proper planning. Wesfarmers will thus be able to reach its goals and meet its organizational objectives if the company is able to plan, implement and follow the organizational behavior strategies effectivel. References Altman, S., Valenzi, E. and Hodgetts, R.M., 2013.Organizational behavior: Theory and practice. Elsevier. DuBrin, A.J., 2013.Fundamentals of organizational behavior: An applied perspective. Elsevier. Goethals, G., Allison, S., Kramer, R. and Messick, D. eds., 2014.Conceptions of leadership: Enduring ideas and emerging insights. Springer. Greenberg, J. ed., 2013.Organizational behavior: The state of the science. Routledge. Kerzner, H.R., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Lapierre, L.M. and Allen, T.D., 2012. Control at work, control at home, and planning behavior implications for workfamily conflict.Journal of Management,38(5), pp.1500-1516. Nahavandi, A., Denhardt, R.B., Denhardt, J.V. and Aristigueta, M.P., 2013.Organizational behavior. SAGE Publications. Pereira, C.M. and Gomes, J.F., 2012. The strength of human resource practices and transformational leadership: impact on organisational performance.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,23(20), pp.4301-4318. Punnett, B.J., 2015.International perspectives on organizational behavior and human resource management. Routledge. Robbins, S.P. and Judge, T., 2012.Essentials of organizational behavior. Boston: Pearson. Robbins, S.P. and Judge, T., 2012.Essentials of organizational behavior. Boston: Pearson. Schreiner, E., 2016.Stimulating innovation: The role of leadership, teamwork, and boundary spanning(Doctoral dissertation, Universitt Mnchen). Storey, J. ed., 2016.Leadership in Organizations: Current Issues and Key Trends. Routledge. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2016).Home. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/ [Accessed 9 Sep. 2016]. West, M.A., 2012.Effective teamwork: Practical lessons from organizational research. John Wiley Sons. Wilson, F.M., 2013.Organizational behaviour and work: a critical introduction. Oxford University Press.

Kalkidane Yeshak Essays (513 words) - Geography Of Africa

Kalkidane Yeshak 11/7/17 Perennial Challenge Essay: Women in Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece both had some similarities and differences. Wo men in Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece both played limited and empowering roles. Throughout history , even today; women are seen as the inferior sex, with a demeaning status compared to men. One of the many central ideas of Ancient Egyptian, is the concept of harmony and balance in one's life. The most important duty was observed by the pharaoh, who was the mediator between the gods and the people. A role model for how one shall live a balanced life. Women in Egypt were the equals of men in almost every area other than the occupations they had. Men fought, managed the farms, or they ran a government. Men hold many positions such as king, governor, general, and the man of the house. While, women cooked, sewed, and managed the house. Women could marry who they wanted; divorce who they wanted. Could have the jobs they wanted; with the limit of jobs that aren't ruled for women. And they can travel at their choice. Ancient Egyptian couples also had prenuptial agreements which favored the woman more. If a man initiated the divorce he wasn't able to fight back for gifts and had to pay back a certain sum. The children of the couple also went to the mother and the home, unless it was owned by the husband's family. Which meant the house was the husbands only. Women in Ancient Greece had only a few rights compared to the male citizens of Greece. They were unable to vote, own land, and or inherit. A women's place was in the house, and her purpose in life was taking care of her children. Sparta women were treated differently, they had to have mandatory physical training and were permitted land and could drink wine. Male dominated myths and literature often cast women as troublemakers and made male the hero's that saved the helpless female characters. As in many other male-dominated and agrarian cultures, female babies were most likely to be abandoned at birth by their parents than their male offspring. Also, the ultimate goal of a girl's education was to prepare for her role in rearing a family and not to help the female in intellectual development. Females all married at young ages and were expected to marry being a virgin. Most of the marriages were arranged by the father in the family, accepting dowries from the man's family. As you can read , a women's status in Egypt was really advanced for any ancient civilization. Compared to the women's status in Ancient Greece, Egypt had it much better. Today, gender equality and the roles that females play, has improved so much since then. We can do so much better by just believing that all genders are all equal. That it should be human issue and together it should affect us all. That together we can make a stronger society were everyone can be the best version of themselves.